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Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature

Por um escritor misterioso

Descrição
The diagnosis of brain death is a complex process. Strong knowledge of neurophysiology and an understanding of brain death etiology must be used to confidently determine brain death. The key findings in brain death are unresponsiveness, and absence of brainstem reflexes in the setting of a devastating neurological injury. These findings are coupled with a series of confirmatory tests, and the diagnosis of brain death is established based on consensus recommendations. The drive to breathe in the setting of an intense ventilatory stimulus (ie, respiratory acidosis) is a critical marker of brainstem function. As a consequence, apnea testing is an important component of brain death assessment. This procedure requires close monitoring of a patient as all ventilator support is temporarily removed and Paco2 levels are allowed to rise. A “positive” test is defined by a total absence of respiratory efforts under these conditions. While apnea testing is not new, it still lacks consensus standardization regarding the actual procedure, monitored parameters, and evidence-based safety measures that may be used to prevent complications. The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of apnea testing and discuss issues related to the administration and safety of the procedure.
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Figure 2 from Brain death: assessment, controversy, and confounding factors.
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
The use of apnea test and brain death determination in patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A systematic review - ScienceDirect
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Apnea Testing for the Determination of Brain Death: A Systematic Scoping Review
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Brain Sciences, Free Full-Text
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Radionuclide Evaluation of Brain Death in the Post-McMath Era
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
New perspectives on brain death Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Table 5 from Brain death: assessment, controversy, and confounding factors.
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Optimizing apnea testing to determine brain death
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Optimal duration of the apnea test for determining brain death: Benefit of the short-term apnea test
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